This publication from the Illinois Sentencing Policy Advisory Council (SPAC) examines data on recidivism in the state of Illinois. The brief updates the SPAC’s 2015 High Cost of Recidivism report; similar to regular updating of financial reports on economic activity or investments, this update incorporates new trends and improved methodology to provide a more accurate and current picture of the high costs of recidivism in Illinois. The brief describes the key findings and costs, how those costs accumulate over time, and how evidence-based policies and practices can help reduce recidivism such that the benefits outweigh the costs.